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e^(na) (valid na^2 << 1), e^(na) e^(-na^2/2) (valid na^3 << 1), and the difference quotient ((x+d)^n - x^n)/d -> n x^(n-1). Mirrors morie.fn ch7 appendix modules.

Usage

morie_approx_ladder(a, n, order = 1, x = NULL, delta = NULL, power = 2)

Arguments

a

perturbation, > -1.

n

exponent.

order

1 or 2.

x, delta

optional difference-quotient inputs.

power

exponent for the difference quotient.

Value

list: exact, approx, validity, quotient, derivative.

References

Morin (2016), Appendix C, eqs. (7.14), (7.21), (7.23)-(7.24), (7.31)-(7.35).

Examples

morie_approx_ladder(-1 / 365, 23)$approx
#> [1] 0.9389306