Indigenous Services Canada's Community Well-Being (CWB) index
(cwbscr) computed from the public 2021 Census Indigenous
Population Profile, for each geography and group.
Arguments
- x
A
cnsprofof a population table.- dwell
Optional
cnsprofof the matching household table.- groups
The groups to score (default First Nations, Metis, Inuit and non-Indigenous people).
- bounds
Income bounds of
cwbscr.- resid
On or off reserve, in the tables that split it (default the total).
- minpop
The smallest population scored (default 250; the Department uses 65).
Value
A data frame of class rmbl_census_cwb: geo,
dguid, group; the components income, education,
housing, labour and the score cwb (0 to 100, NA
where not scored); and the inputs incpercap (dollars),
highsch25p, uni25p, population, participation,
employment, nomajrep, notcro (percentages).
Details
The Department computes the CWB from census microdata; the public profile gives close but not the same inputs, and this function says where it departs:
- income
per capita: the number of total income recipients aged 15 and over times their average total income, over the population in private households (all ages), as the CWB does.
- education
the shares with at least a high school diploma (all but those with no certificate, diploma or degree) and with a bachelor's degree or higher, both among those aged 25 and over: the profile has no age group of 20 and over, which the CWB uses for the first.
- labour force
the participation rate and the employment rate of participants (100 less the unemployment rate) of those aged 25 to 64: the CWB uses 20 to 64.
- housing
the shares of households with one person or fewer per room and needing no major repairs, from the household profile (
dwell), which splits Indigenous from non-Indigenous households only, so First Nations, Metis and Inuit people all get the pooled Indigenous households' housing: the CWB counts persons, not households. Withoutdwellthe housing component and the score areNA.
A group of fewer than minpop
people in a geography gets no score. The Department scores communities of 65
people or more; the default here is 250, because the public profile's counts
are rounded to multiples of 5 and its long-form counts rest on a few dozen
households at that size. Geographies are matched by DGUID, so places that
share a name stay apart. The inputs are those of the 2021 profile
(98-510-X2021001 to -016): other editions name their characteristics
differently. Read the result as a CWB-style description of socio-economic
conditions, close to but not the Department's index, and never as a measure
of the wellness of First Nations, Metis or Inuit people as they define it
(see cwbscr).
References
Indigenous Services Canada (2019). Report on trends in First
Nations communities, 1981 to 2016 (Community Well-Being index).
sac-isc.gc.ca/eng/1345816651029/1557323327644
Examples
p <- cnsprof(indiex("censuspop"))
h <- cnsprof(indiex("censushh"))
cnscwb(p, h)[, c("geo", "group", "income", "education", "housing", "labour",
"cwb")]
#> ╭── Community Well-Being index, from the census ──────────────────────────────╮
#> │ Rows 56 │
#> │ Geographies 14, from Canada to Nunavut │
#> │ Groups First Nations; Métis; Inuit; Non-Indigenous │
#> │ Not scored 3 │
#> │ Scale 0 to 100 for each component and the score │
#> │ │
#> │ geo group income education housing │
#> │ ------------------------- -------------- ------ --------- ------- │
#> │ Canada First Nations 71.03 51.62 91.88 │
#> │ Canada Métis 78.73 59.56 91.88 │
#> │ Canada Inuit 72.13 38.51 91.88 │
#> │ Canada Non-Indigenous 84.38 68.01 95.99 │
#> │ Newfoundland and Labrador First Nations 76.70 58.92 95.35 │
#> │ Newfoundland and Labrador Métis 80.48 57.62 95.35 │
#> │ Newfoundland and Labrador Inuit 77.97 53.86 95.35 │
#> │ Newfoundland and Labrador Non-Indigenous 82.00 60.51 97.26 │
#> │ Prince Edward Island First Nations 70.83 58.61 92.84 │
#> │ Prince Edward Island Métis 77.88 67.58 92.84 │
#> │ Prince Edward Island Inuit │
#> │ Prince Edward Island Non-Indigenous 79.57 65.87 96.03 │
#> │ Nova Scotia First Nations 69.63 60.08 92.75 │
#> │ Nova Scotia Métis 78.43 59.96 92.75 │
#> │ Nova Scotia Inuit 72.25 62.24 92.75 │
#> │ Nova Scotia Non-Indigenous 81.07 66.07 95.58 │
#> │ New Brunswick First Nations 70.47 55.35 91.56 │
#> │ New Brunswick Métis 76.57 56.66 91.56 │
#> │ New Brunswick Inuit 69.28 59.11 91.56 │
#> │ New Brunswick Non-Indigenous 79.92 62.51 96.00 │
#> │ Quebec First Nations 75.80 52.36 92.99 │
#> │ Quebec Métis 77.97 57.36 92.99 │
#> │ Quebec Inuit 70.14 30.68 92.99 │
#> │ Quebec Non-Indigenous 82.45 64.95 96.30 │
#> │ Ontario First Nations 75.50 55.06 92.91 │
#> │ Ontario Métis 80.75 61.84 92.91 │
#> │ Ontario Inuit 73.25 56.25 92.91 │
#> │ Ontario Non-Indigenous 85.18 69.53 95.77 │
#> │ Manitoba First Nations 60.40 43.53 89.27 │
#> │ Manitoba Métis 76.12 58.21 89.27 │
#> │ Manitoba Inuit 74.02 55.02 89.27 │
#> │ Manitoba Non-Indigenous 82.26 67.24 95.55 │
#> │ Saskatchewan First Nations 61.61 47.39 89.11 │
#> │ Saskatchewan Métis 76.22 58.78 89.11 │
#> │ Saskatchewan Inuit 73.38 58.70 89.11 │
#> │ Saskatchewan Non-Indigenous 83.92 66.68 95.89 │
#> │ Alberta First Nations 70.34 49.38 92.84 │
#> │ Alberta Métis 79.66 58.47 92.84 │
#> │ Alberta Inuit 76.49 59.03 92.84 │
#> │ Alberta Non-Indigenous 86.55 69.00 96.20 │
#> │ British Columbia First Nations 71.85 52.81 92.69 │
#> │ British Columbia Métis 78.50 61.18 92.69 │
#> │ British Columbia Inuit 70.77 57.78 92.69 │
#> │ British Columbia Non-Indigenous 85.34 70.53 95.91 │
#> │ Yukon First Nations 80.04 50.44 88.77 │
#> │ Yukon Métis 88.07 63.73 88.77 │
#> │ Yukon Inuit 74.30 49.46 88.77 │
#> │ Yukon Non-Indigenous 90.61 73.08 94.12 │
#> │ Northwest Territories First Nations 79.64 39.50 83.50 │
#> │ Northwest Territories Métis 91.25 55.79 83.50 │
#> │ Northwest Territories Inuit 77.46 37.80 83.50 │
#> │ Northwest Territories Non-Indigenous 97.48 75.50 92.89 │
#> │ Nunavut First Nations │
#> │ Nunavut Métis │
#> │ Nunavut Inuit 70.22 28.49 70.82 │
#> │ Nunavut Non-Indigenous 100.00 79.89 93.30 │
#> │ │
#> │ geo labour cwb │
#> │ ------------------------- ------ ----- │
#> │ Canada 75.85 72.59 │
#> │ Canada 83.15 78.33 │
#> │ Canada 74.75 69.32 │
#> │ Canada 86.30 83.67 │
#> │ Newfoundland and Labrador 78.75 77.43 │
#> │ Newfoundland and Labrador 79.65 78.27 │
#> │ Newfoundland and Labrador 79.05 76.56 │
#> │ Newfoundland and Labrador 80.75 80.13 │
#> │ Prince Edward Island 80.60 75.72 │
#> │ Prince Edward Island 87.10 81.35 │
#> │ Prince Edward Island │
#> │ Prince Edward Island 87.50 82.24 │
#> │ Nova Scotia 76.25 74.68 │
#> │ Nova Scotia 81.80 78.24 │
#> │ Nova Scotia 78.40 76.41 │
#> │ Nova Scotia 83.70 81.61 │
#> │ New Brunswick 76.90 73.57 │
#> │ New Brunswick 79.50 76.07 │
#> │ New Brunswick 72.95 73.23 │
#> │ New Brunswick 85.25 80.92 │
#> │ Quebec 82.90 76.01 │
#> │ Quebec 84.00 78.08 │
#> │ Quebec 78.35 68.04 │
#> │ Quebec 88.00 82.93 │
#> │ Ontario 77.30 75.20 │
#> │ Ontario 81.80 79.33 │
#> │ Ontario 77.10 74.88 │
#> │ Ontario 84.95 83.86 │
#> │ Manitoba 69.25 65.61 │
#> │ Manitoba 84.15 76.94 │
#> │ Manitoba 74.45 73.19 │
#> │ Manitoba 88.30 83.34 │
#> │ Saskatchewan 67.45 66.39 │
#> │ Saskatchewan 83.35 76.87 │
#> │ Saskatchewan 78.15 74.83 │
#> │ Saskatchewan 88.95 83.86 │
#> │ Alberta 73.30 71.46 │
#> │ Alberta 82.90 78.47 │
#> │ Alberta 79.90 77.06 │
#> │ Alberta 86.60 84.59 │
#> │ British Columbia 78.35 73.92 │
#> │ British Columbia 84.85 79.31 │
#> │ British Columbia 79.55 75.20 │
#> │ British Columbia 86.90 84.67 │
#> │ Yukon 79.15 74.60 │
#> │ Yukon 86.10 81.67 │
#> │ Yukon 74.65 71.80 │
#> │ Yukon 91.15 87.24 │
#> │ Northwest Territories 76.50 69.79 │
#> │ Northwest Territories 87.00 79.39 │
#> │ Northwest Territories 75.70 68.62 │
#> │ Northwest Territories 92.90 89.69 │
#> │ Nunavut │
#> │ Nunavut │
#> │ Nunavut 69.85 59.85 │
#> │ Nunavut 94.85 92.01 │
#> │ │
#> │ Highest score: Nunavut, Non-Indigenous (92.01); lowest: Nunavut, Inuit │
#> │ (59.85). │
#> │ Within a geography the groups' scores are furthest apart in Nunavut │
#> │ (32.2 points) and closest in Newfoundland and Labrador (3.57). │
#> │ │
#> │ cwb is the mean of income, education, housing and labour force │
#> │ activity (Indigenous Services Canada's Community Well-Being index). │
#> │ CWB-style, close to but not the Department's index: the public │
#> │ profile's inputs differ (ages 25 and over; housing from households, │
#> │ pooled for First Nations, Métis and Inuit people). │
#> │ Never a measure of wellness as First Nations, Métis or Inuit │
#> │ people define it. A group below minpop people gets no score. │
#> │ Housing needs the household table (dwell). │
#> ╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯